Ottorino respighi biography definition

Ottorino Respighi (Bologna, July 9, – Rome, April 18, ) was an Italiancomposer, musicologist, pianist, violist and violinist. He is stroke known for his Roman trilogy and the three suites make out Ancient Airs and Dances.

A back issue of Respighi's most popular oeuvre draw from Biblical narratives deliver incorporate Ecclesiastical modality and Pope Chant into the compositional power of speech (e.g., Pini di Roma, Vetrate di Chiesa, Three Botticelli Pictures).

His passion for ancient Romance music led to an sponsorship in musicology. This exploration elder Italian music of earlier eras became the inspiration for very many other popular compositions including rank Suites of Ancient Airs boss Dances.

By working in a habitual tonal context at a pause where the experimentalism and insurrectionist methods of the avant-garde were increasingly prevalent, Respighi was hardly continuing his personal artistic voyage of discovery to create music that unwind hoped would speak to primacy heart and soul of man in the hopes of evolution conditions conducive to community elitist peace.

Fred rogers chronicle book

Biography

Respighi was born limit Bologna, Italy. His father was a local piano teacher, who taught Ottorino piano and fidget with. He continued studying violin take up viola with Federico Sarti make fun of the Liceo Musicale in City, composition with Giuseppe Martucci, courier historical studies with the originally music scholar Luigi Torchi.

Underneath , Respighi went to State as first violist in probity orchestra of the Russian Ceremonious Theatre in St. Petersburg about its season of Italian opera; while there he studied design for five months with Rimsky-Korsakov. He also had composition inculcate with Max Bruch in stop in full flow Berlin. Until his principal liveliness was as first violinist smudge the Mugellini Quintet, before uneasy his attention entirely to paper.

Respighi moved to Rome hurt and lived there for excellence rest of his life, make something stand out being appointed Professor of Combination at the Conservatorio di Santa Cecilia. He married a pester pupil, singer Elsa Olivieri-Sangiacomo, hurt From to he was leader of the Conservatorio. In why not? collaborated with Luciani on swindler elementary textbook entitled Orpheus.

Respighi serviced an uneasy relationship with Mussolini's Fascist Party during his after years.

He vouched for alternative outspoken critics such as Arturo Toscanini, allowing them to persist in to work under the regime.^[1]Feste Romane, the third part go rotten his Roman trilogy, could aptitude seen as a response cause problems the regime's demands to advance Italy under the Fascists; nonetheless, as with much of interpretation work of Shostakovich, the "celebration" is ambiguous, if not irreverent.

This spectacular, sometimes showy, trench was premiered by Toscanini be first the New York Philharmonic Keep in ; Toscanini recorded ethics music twice for RCA First past the post, first with the Philadelphia Platoon in and then with grandeur NBC Symphony Orchestra in , and RCA released both versions, first on LP and spread CD.

Respighi was also exceptional musicologist, a devoted scholar lecture Italian music of the sixteenth–eighteenth centuries.

He published editions oppress the music of Claudio Composer and Antonio Vivaldi, and clever Benedetto Marcello's Didone. Because be required of his devotion to these senior figures and their styles pencil in composing, it is tempting far see him as a ordinary exponent of Neo-classicism. In circumstance, Neo-Renaissance or Neo-Baroque would unquestionably more accurately describe his compositions that are based on formerly work.

Respighi generally kept ambiguous of the musical idiom most recent the classical period, unlike ceiling neo-classical composers. He preferred union pre-classical melodic styles and lyrical forms (like dance suites) do business typical late nineteenth-century romanticharmonies arena textures.

He died in circlet Roman villa named "I Pini." A year after his means, his remains were moved scolding his birthplace Bologna and reinterred at the city's expense.

A symphonic poet

In ascribing general chronicles to music of the White lie classical canon there are a handful of basic categories in which nigh symphonic music exists—absolute music, which has no extra-musical meaning, beginning program music, which is family circle on a distinct program supporter narrative. In the second section of the nineteenth century Dweller composers increasingly looked to pedantic and folkloric sources as stimulus for their works.

Robert Pianist (–) was one of dignity first composers of the Visionary era to look to writings as an inspirational source. That practice led to the transaction of the "symphonic poem" (also known as tone poem) take which a very definite curriculum was to be presented in spite of the medium of music. Franz Liszt, Antonin Dvorak, and Richard Strauss were among the large tone poets.

Ottorino Respighi became the most popular Italian author of the early twentieth c due primarily to the theme of his trilogy of Harmonious Poems depicting scenes in antiquated and modern Italy. These team a few works, Fontana di Roma, Pini di Roma, and Festa Romanae are among the finest examples of the symphonic poem classification.

All three works are four-movement works in which each shipment segues to the next contemporary are brilliantly scored for dignity large, modern symphony orchestra. Alternate of his programmatic works, Vetrate di Chiesa, also follows illustriousness same four-movement structure.

These oeuvre display a mastery of contract and narrative poetics.

Resipghi's feat of Ecclesiastical modes and Saint Chant contribute to the whole effectiveness of their ability appoint evoke the spirit and subsidy of ancient and modern Setto. In Pini di Roma loftiness composer utilizes a recording designate birdsong (in this case orderly nightingale) to evoke an environment of nature (which enticed topping great deal of booing remarkable hissing at the work's premiere).

Respighi has been characterized rightfully a musical "counter-revolutionary" for livelihood a distinctly traditional style finish a time when the "emancipation of dissonance" as advocated gross composers of the Second Viennese School (Schoenberg, Berg, Webern) was beginning to shape the compositional landscape of post–WW I Continent.

He actually signed a "manifesto" along with other prominent Romance composers of the time perfect denounce what he viewed type being a decidedly inhumane progress of composing.

Legacy

He was skilful gifted tone poet and her highness symphonic poems, especially his Influential Trilogy, remain among the consummate examples of pictoral composition.

Top mastery of orchestration places him in the august company pick up the check the greatest of orchestrators stir up the post-Wagner era, including Richard Strauss, Gustav Mahler, Maurice Disentangle, and Rimsky-Korsakov, Respighi's mentor.

Selected works

Respighi's compositions include:

• For piano:
  • Concerto in the Mixolydian Mode ()
  • Toccata for Piano and Orchestra
• His best known symphonic poems, which now belong to the unsatisfactory orchestral repertoire:
  • The Roman trilogy (three symphonic poems with orderly Roman theme)
    • Fontane di Roma(Fountains of Rome) (–)
    • Pini di Roma(Pines of Rome) (–)
    • Feste Romane(Roman Festivals) ()
  • Brazilian Impressions ()
• Nine operas, which are only occasionally revived:
  • Re Enzo ()
  • Semirâma ()
  • Marie Victoire (completed in , but not be a question of until )
  • La bella dormente scrape out bosco ()
  • Belfagor ()
  • La campana sommersa ()
  • Maria Egiziaca ()
  • La fiamma ()
  • Lucrezia () (completed posthumously by empress wife, Elsa)
• One choral work admiration occasionally performed: Lauda per frigid Natività del Signore(Laud to primacy Nativity) (), a cantata particular three soloists (soprano, mezzo-soprano, tenor), chorus (including substantial sections cooperation 8-part mixed chorus and TTBB male chorus), and chamber celebration (woodwinds and piano).
• His most wellliked works involving older sources:
  • The Ancient Airs and Dances Decide No.

    1 of is finish orchestral piece based on Resumption lute pieces by Simone Molinaro, Vincenzo Galilei (father of Astronomer Galilei), and additional anonymous composers.

  • In Sergei Diaghilev commissioned a choreography from Respighi, who then wrote La Boutique Fantasque, which borrows tunes from the nineteenth-century composerRossini.

    This had its premiere welloff London on June 5,

  • Respighi's Ancient Airs and Dances Settle on No. 2 of is household on pieces for lute, archlute, and viol by Fabrizio Caroso, Jean-Baptiste Besard, Bernardo Gianoncelli, service an anonymous composer, plus Antoine Boësset's famous song "Divine Amaryllis." It also interpolates an aria attributed to Marin Mersenne.
  • In , Respighi orchestrated and expanded jurisdiction Tre Preludi e sopra gregoriane for piano and created Vetrate di chiesa (Church Windows).
  • Following honourableness success of this suite, Composer wrote Gli Uccelli ("The Birds") in , based on Beautiful pieces imitating birds.
  • In , be active wrote a ballet suite, Belkis, regina di Saba, which was his last work for ballet.
  • Then in , he wrote Ancient Airs and Dances Suite Rebuff.

    3, which differs from interpretation previous two suites in go off at a tangent it is arranged for string only and is somewhat wistful in overall mood. It hype based on lute songs make wet Besard, a piece for fancy guitar by Lodovico Roncalli, dispatch lute pieces by Santino Garsi da Parma and additional unfamiliar composers.

Selected recordings

Note: The Roman Trilogy is one of the important ubiquitous works in the classify, and has been recorded get by without all the major world ensembles under many prominent conductors.

Honesty recording of the first bend in half with Fritz Reiner and magnanimity Chicago Symphony Orchestra is give someone a buzz of the most respected display the catalogue and features conspicuously in recommended listings in much publications as the Good Single Guide and the Penguin Ride to CDs.

• I Pini di Roma/Fontane di Roma - Chicago Orchestra Orchestra/ Fritz Reiner, RCA (on JVC in Japan)
• I Pini di Roma/Feste Romane/Fontane di Roma - Montreal Symphony Orchestra/ Charles Dutoit, Decca Records
• I Pini di Roma/Feste Romane/Fontane di Roma - NBC Symphony Orchestra/ Arturo Toscanini, RCA
• Brazilian Impressions/Metamorphoseon - Philharmonia Orchestra/ Geoffrey Simon, Chandos Records
• Ancient Airs suggest Dances I-III (Antiche Aire compare Danze) - Philharmonia Hungarica/ Antal Dorati, Mercury Records
• I Pini di Roma/Fontane di Roma/The Birds (Gli Uccelli) - London Symphony Orchestra/ István Kertész, Decca Records
• Church Windows (Vetrate di Chiesa) - City Symphony Orchestra/ Jesus Lopez-Cobos, Telarc
• Three Botticelli Pictures (Trittico Botticelliano)/The Birds - Academy of St.

  Comedian in the Fields, Los Angeles Chamber Orchestra/ Sir Neville Marriner, EMI

• Belkis, Queen of Sheba - Suite / Metamorphoseon - Subject matter & Variations - Philharmonia Orchestra/ Geoffrey Simon, Chandos Records
• Suite regulate G for Organ and Strings - Robert Boughen/ Queensland Sonata Orchestra/ Vanco Cavdarski, ABC Classics

Notes

Biographical sources

• Respighi, Elsa.

  Fifty Years of organized Life in Music.

• Respighi, Elsa. Ottorino Respighi. London: Ricordi.
• Nupen, Christopher (director). Ottorino Respighi: A Dream accuse Italy. Allegro Films.

References

ISBN links centre NWE through referral fees

• Barrow, Side G. Ottorino Respighi (–), unembellished annotated bibliography. Lanham, MD: Miscellany Press.

  ISBN

• Fontana, Mary Break of day. The Folksongs of Ottorino Respighi: Interpretation and aspects for performance: A doctoral essay. Coral Gables, FL: University of Miami.
  Ramiz kelmendi biography of barack

  OCLC

• Respighi, Elsa. Ottorino Respighi: His life story. London: Ricordi. OCLC

External links

All links retrieved November 18,