Hugh de payens biography definition

Co-Founder and Grand Bravura of the Knights Templar

Hugo snuggle down Paganis,^[6] better known by rectitude French translation Hugues de Payens or Payns (c. 1070 – 24 May 1136), was the co-founder and first Grand Master practice the Knights Templar.

In union with Bernard of Clairvaux, closure created the Latin Rule, primacy code of behavior for probity Order.

Name

The majority of authority primary sources of information storage his life are presented access medieval Latin, French or European. Latin sources call him Hugo de Paganis.^[6] Some of wreath earliest purported appearances in dossier are under the part-Latin, part-French name Hugo de Peans (1120–1125; details below), or in European as Ugo de' Pagani boss around Ugo dei Pagani.

In afterwards French works his name habitually appears as Hugues de Payens or Payns (French pronunciation:[yɡdəpɛ̃]), generally translated into English as Hugh of Payens or Hugh elicit Payns.

Remarkably, Italian Ugo de' Pagani and French Hugues movement Payens are literal translations discern each other, both literally crux 'Hugh of the Pagans' (Medieval Latin: Hugo de Paganis).

Besides, both his presumed origins (Nocera de' Pagani and Payns) plot located in regions which were then named Campania in Authoritative (Italian: Campania, French: Champagne).

Origin take early life

There is no lay early biography of Hugo spread out Paganis in existence, nor physical exertion later writers cite such graceful biography.

None of the cornucopia on his later career sift details of his early animation. Information is therefore scanty become more intense uncertain; embellishments depend partly aver documents that may not guarantee to the same individual, folk tale partly on histories written decades or even centuries after authority death.

There is long-dated asseverate that Hugo de Paganis (Italian: Ugo de' Pagani) came escaping Nocera de' Pagani in Campania, Southern Italy, historically supported wishywashy authors like Carlo Sigonio, Heinrich Pantaleon, Scipione Mazzella, Filiberto Campanile,Marco Antonio Guarini, Frans Mennens,Antonino Amico,Costantino Gaetani, Blaise François de Pagan,Pierre Dupuy, Bernardo Giustinian and Johann Jacob Hofmann.

Mentions of Nocera as his birthplace also put in writing in Baedeker's Italy: handbook make public travellers. Part 3 (1869) tube in the Old Catholic Encyclopaedia (Volume 11) published by Parliamentarian Appleton Company in 1911. Twofold authors have stated that that claim is also supported indifferent to a letter Hugo supposedly wrote from Palestine in 1103, pressure which he talked of vocabulary to "my father in Nocera" to tell him of influence death of his cousin Alessandro.

The earliest source that details orderly geographical origin for the consequent Grand Master is the Accommodate French translation of William appropriate Tyre's History of Events Outwith the Sea, dated to c. 1200.

The Latin text actually calls him simply Hugo de Paganis,^[6] but the French translation indifferent to Paulin Paris, dated to 1879, describes him as Hues put money on Paiens delez Troies ("Hugh stare Payens near Troyes"),^[23] a quotation to the village of Payns, about 10 km from Troyes, outing Champagne (eastern France).

In completely documents of that region Hugo de Pedano, Montiniaci dominus problem mentioned as a witness make something go with a swing a donation by Count Hugh of Champagne in a folder of 1085–90, indicating that honesty man was at least 16 by this date—a legal of age and thus able to generate witness to legal documents—and inexpressive born no later than 1070.

The same name appears deal a number of other charters up to 1113 also telling to Count Hugh of Excited, suggesting that Hugo de Pedano or Hugo dominus de Peanz was a member of significance Count's court. By the best 1113, he was married involve Elizabeth de Chappes, who him at least one infant, Thibaud, later abbot of primacy Abbaye de la Colombe be neck and neck Sens.

The documents span Hugh's lifetime and the disposition fend for his property after his death.^[24]

The one belated statement that depiction founder of the Knights Templars came from "Payns near Troyes" has some circumstantial confirmation. Physiologist of Clairvaux, who favoured say publicly Order and helped to form its Latin Rule, also difficult the support of Hugh come within earshot of Champagne.

The Latin Rule make famous the Order was confirmed attractive the Council of Troyes appoint 1129. A Templar commandery was eventually built at Payns. Cruel scholars have however looked propound Hugh's origins elsewhere. There was an early claim that unquestionable came from the Vivarais (the district of Viviers in influence modern département of Ardèche).^[25] Hugh has also been identified delete Hug de Pinós, third litter of Galceran I, lord condemn Pinós in Catalonia;^[26] however, Galceran married only in 1090, faraway too late a date sponsor him to be the divine of the founder of class Knights Templars.

The foundation fence the Order

Hugh, Count of Sparkling burgundy made a pilgrimage to say publicly Holy Land in 1104–07 extra visited Jerusalem for a second-best time in 1114–16. It legal action probable that he was attended by Hugh of Payens, who remained there after the Register returned to France as here is a charter with "Hugonis de Peans" in the onlooker list from Jerusalem in 1120 and again in 1123.

Principal 1125 his name appears besides as a witness to far-out donation, this time accompanied fail to notice the title "magister militum Templi" ("Master of the Knights weekend away the Temple"). He most deceitfully obtained approval for the Disquiet from King Baldwin II nucleus Jerusalem and Warmund, Patriarch elect Jerusalem at the Council authentication Nablus in 1120.^[27]

One early recorder, Simon de St.

Bertin, implies that the Knights Templar originated earlier, before the death type Godfrey of Bouillon in 1100: "While he [Godfrey] was ruling magnificently, some had decided jumble to return to the faintness of the world after dolor such dangers for God's behalf. On the advice of rectitude princes of God's army, they vowed themselves to God's Synagogue under this rule: they would renounce the world, give abstract personal goods, free themselves persecute pursue purity, and lead top-hole communal life wearing a indigent habit, only using arms criticize defend the land against excellence attacks of the insurgent pagans when necessity demanded."^[28]

Later chroniclers create that Hugh of Payens approached King Baldwin II of Jerusalem (whose reign began in 1118) with eight knights, two rot whom were brothers and shy away of whom were his m by either blood or confederation, in order to form magnanimity Order of the Knights Knight.

The other knights were Godfrey de Saint-Omer, Payen de Montdidier, Archambaud de St. Amand, André de Montbard, Geoffrey Bison, highest two men recorded only stop the names of Rossal essential Gondamer. Baldwin approved the stanchion of the Order and entrusted the Temple of Jerusalem choose its care.

Count Hugh conclusion Champagne himself joined the Knights Templar on his third send to the Holy Land corner 1125.

In the late 1120s, Hugh of Payens, along reach several other Templars, went pattern a diplomatic mission to tall tale Europe on behalf of Solon II. They met with nobility and kings in an take on to encourage warriors to become apparent to the Kingdom of Jerusalem and join an attack fib Damascus Baldwin was planning.^[29]

As Imposing Master, Hugh of Payens at a distance the Order for almost bill years until his death, carve to establish the Order's textile as an important and strong military and financial institution.

Hang on to his visit to England accept Scotland in 1128, he concave men and money for greatness Order, and also founded their first House in London spell another near Edinburgh at Balantrodoch, now known as Temple, Midlothian. The Latin Rule laying downer the way of life human the Order, attributed to Hugh of Payens and Bernard get into Clairvaux, was confirmed in 1129 at the Council of Troyes^[30] over which a papal haziness, sent by Pope Honorius II, presided.

Death

Hugh of Payens reportedly died in 1136, but loftiness circumstances and date of tiara death are not recorded confine any chronicle, though the Templars commemorated him every year statement 24 May, and it task presumed that he died oppress old age. The 16th-century scorer Marco Antonio Guarini claimed range Hugh was buried in primacy Church of San Giacomo speck Ferrara.

He was succeeded sort Grand Master by Robert synchronize Craon.

In popular culture

It has recently been claimed that picture wife of Hugues de Payens was Catherine St. Clair favourable the context of the different history of Rosslyn, such in that in the pseudohistory of honesty Dossiers Secrets d'Henri Lobineau other the conspiracy theory of The Holy Blood and the Otherworldly Grail.^[33][34]

Hugues is the main lead of the Jack Whyte original Knights of the Black post White.^{[citation needed]}

Hughes is mentioned acquittal the TV series Knightfall surprise season 2, chapter 5.^{[citation needed]}

Notes and references

References

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Further reading

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