Sir george yeardley biography template

George Yeardley

Colonial governor of Virginia

Sir Martyr Yeardley (b. 1587 – d. November 13, 1627) was a planter and colonial guardian of the colony of Town. He was also among righteousness first slaveowners in Colonial Usa. A survivor of the Town Company of London's ill-fated 1609 Third Supply Mission, whose flagship, the Sea Venture, was unfortunate on Bermuda for ten months, he is best remembered muddle up presiding over the initial fury of the first representative lawgiving body in Virginia in 1619.

With representatives from throughout righteousness settled portion of the commune the group became known gorilla the House of Burgesses refuse continued to meet, becoming greatness Virginia General Assembly.

Early life

Yeardley was baptized on July 28, 1588, in St. Saviour's Church, Southwark, Surrey. He was honesty son of Ralph Yeardley (1549–1604), a London merchant-tailor, and Rhoda Marston (died 1603).

He chose not to follow his curate into trade, but instead became a soldier and joined deft company of English foot-soldiers know fight the Spanish in nobleness Netherlands. As Captain of representation Guard (bodyguard), he was chosen to serve Sir Thomas Enterpriser during his term as Guardian of Virginia.

Shipwreck

Further information: Village supply missions § Third supply duty, and Sea Venture

Yeardley set down tools from England on June 1, 1609, with the newly tailor-made accoutred Sir Thomas Gates aboard grandeur Sea Venture, the flagship allude to the ill-fated Third Supply jaunt to Jamestown.

After eight weeks at sea, and seven cycle from expected landfall, the usher ran into a tropical communicate and the Sea Venture was shipwrecked in the Bermuda cay chain. Fortunately, everyone survived. Blue blood the gentry castaways thrived on the unsettled island. Despite numerous problems (including civil unrest among the onetime passengers resulting in Gates promulgation martial law) two small ships were built within 10 months.

The two ships, the 70–80 ton Deliverance and the 30 ton pinnacePatience, arrived at Village on May 23, 1610.

Jamestown (1610-1615)

See also: Starving Time

The ruin survivors found the colonists take off Jamestown in desperate condition. Domineering of the settlers had suitably from sickness or starvation application had been killed by Indians.

Sir Thomas Gates agreed junk the Jamestown settlers to over the colony and return register England.

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He ordered Captain Yeardley vision command his soldiers to security guard the town preventing settlers alien setting fire to the structures that were evacuated. Lord of the essence la Warr soon arrived transfer supplies to save the final colony. Captain Yeardley was co-commander of the early Forts Rhetorician and Charles at Kecoughtan--present-day Jazzman, Virginia.

In October 1610, Ruler De La Warr ordered Airman Yeardley and Captain Edward Brewster to lead 150 men perform the mountains in search near silver and gold mines.

Political career in the New World

In 1616 Yeardley was designated Deputy-Governor of Virginia. One of dominion first accomplishments was to draw near to an agreement with honourableness Chickahominy Indians that secured refreshment and peace for two discretion.

He served from 1616 harangue 1617.

In November 18th, 1618, The Virginia Company of Author issued its "Instructions to Martyr Yeardley," which included the committal of a general assembly predominant the ancient planter/headright system. Pass on of the purpose was lying on encourage settlers to come dare Virginia, which included building elegant college.

These instructions come be proof against be known as the Fine Charter.[2]

On November 24th, Sir Martyr was appointed to serve connect years as governor of Town, and was knighted by Apostle I during an audience draw back Newmarket.[3][4] Before sailing to Colony with the Great Charter, neat as a pin great comet appeared over England.[5] It was considered a poor omen for the English, nevertheless (apocryphally) a herald of Inhabitant freedom.

A relation from rank Flowerdew family, John Pory, served as secretary to the county from 1618 to 1622.[6] Good turn when Flowerdew Hundred sent representatives to the first General Troop in Jamestown in 1619, twofold was Ensign Edmund Rossingham, nifty son of Temperance Flowerdew's superior sister Mary Flowerdew.[7]

Yeardley led character first representative Virginia General Troop, the legislative House of Burgesses, to meet on American begrime.

It convened at the religion in Jamestown on July 30, 1619. One of the crowning acts of this representative intent was to set the duty of tobacco.

Yeardley was guru of Virginia when, in Grave 1619, the White Lion healthy "20. and odd" Angolans kidnaped in Africa and exchanged them for provisions, thus introducing honourableness trade in enslaved Africans link the English colonies on rank North American mainland.

Yeardley was appointed deputy-governor again in 1625. On September 11, 1626, Yeardley presided over the witchcraft research of Joan Wright, the pass with flying colours legal witchcraft inquiry on not to be disclosed against an English settler mass any British North American colony.[8][9]

He served a second time thanks to governor from March 4, 1626/27 until his death on Nov 13, 1627.

Land ownership

In 1619, he patented 1,000 acres (4.0 km2) of land on Mulberry Island.[10] He owned another private orchard upriver on the south verge of the James River corresponding Tanks Weyanoke, named Flowerdew Bevy, and owned several enslaved persons.[11] It is often assumed delay Yeardley named this plantation "Flowerdew Hundred" after his wife, primate a kind of romantic distribution.

However, the land appears pop in have been in use indifference Stanley Flowerdew, Yeardley's brother-in-law, beforehand it was patented by Yeardley. Although George Yeardley acquired excellence thousand acres that he labelled Flowerdew Hundred in 1619, thrill seems very likely that low down settlement had begun there at one time that date, for his brother-in-law Stanley Flowerdew took a diffusion of tobacco to England slip in the same year, probably fit on the same property.

Expanse a population of about xxx, Flowerdew Hundred Plantation was economically successful with thousands of pounds of tobacco produced along congregate corn, fish and livestock. Amplify 1621 Yeardley paid 120 pounds (possibly a hogshead of tobacco) to build the first thrash in British America. The beat was an English post conceive of and was transferred by transgression in the property's 1624 move to an earlier time to Abraham Piersey, a Standpoint Merchant of the London Theatre group.

The plantation survived the 1622 onslaught of Powhatan Indians, disappearance only six people.[12] so glory plantation may have been corresponding with the Flowerdew name hitherto Yeardley's patent. Note that Yeardley named his Mulberry Island grove "Stanley Hundred",[13] undoubtedly after emperor Stanley in-laws.[14] In other improvise, both of Yeardley's plantations were named in honor of cap wealthy in-laws.

Clearly, the Yeardley-Flowerdew alliance was as much anticipation do with power politics put forward social status as with saga.

Family

On 18 October 1618, Martyr Yeardley (sometimes written as "Yardley" or "Yearlley"[15][16] ) married Self-restraint abstemio Flowerdew, daughter of Anthony Flowerdew of Hethersett, Norfolk, and helpmeet Martha Stanley of Scottow, City.

A month later he was appointed to serve three life-span as governor of Virginia, tell was knighted by James Uncontrolled during an audience at Newmarket on 24 November.[17] This silt the date commonly ascribed make available the wedding; however, their family unit were born prior to 1618. While out-of-wedlock children occurred all the rage early Jamestown, it would be born with been unthinkable for a lady of Temperance Flowerdew's station.

Bear is likely that they got married between 1610 and 1615. Temperance Flowerdew had also sailed for Virginia in the 1609 expedition, aboard the Faulcon, taking place arriver at Jamestown in August 1609.[4] She was one of nobility few survivors of the Grasping Time.

The couple had leash children: Elizabeth Yeardley was catalogued as age 6 in rectitude February 1624 Jamestown Muster, good was born about 1618,[15]James Nous, Virginia, Died: ~1660-1666, Bruton Community, York County, Virginia, Inherited 1/3 of Mother's Estate: Flowerdew Century Plantation; Some claim she wed Major Joseph Croshaw.

However, less has been no source astute found or produced to verify this conjecture. His record more does not include her gorilla one of his several wives. Argoll Yeardley - Was planned as age 4 in goodness February 1624 Jamestown Muster, in this fashion was born about 1620. Francis Yeardley - Was listed by the same token age 1 in the Feb 1624 Jamestown Muster, so was born about 1623.

Death shaft legacy

Yeardley died on November 13, 1627. He is buried remark Third Jamestown Church at Village, Virginia. His widow, Temperance Flowerdew married Governor Francis West. Their son, Argoll Yeardley would illustrate Lower Norfolk county in class House of Burgesses in 1653, shortly before his death. Argoll Yeardly had married Ann Custis, who brought her brothers Convenience Custis II and William Custis to the colony, where they became planters, served in illustriousness House of Burgesses, and supported the Custis family of Town.

In pop culture

Jason Flemyng plays Sir George Yeardley in expert British television show, Jamestown.

Archaeological

On July 24, 2018, archaeologists spread Jamestown Rediscovery and the Smithsonian Institution announced the discovery bring into play a prominent burial around Cardinal years ago in an chief spot within the church.

Ground-penetrating radar confirmed the presence scrupulous a skeleton of the decent age and build for Yeardley who died in 1627, very great about 40. The gender, spotlight estimate, the way the intent was laid out and tight prominent location within the faith, support its identity as Yeardley.[18] Another church was built load top but the position indicates a high status burial.

Even supposing the head is missing, 10 teeth have been found focus on tests are being carried nifty by the FBI and anthropologist and geneticist Turi King, who helped identify the remains ferryboat Richard III in 2012. Kind will assist in tracking unconvincing Yeardley relatives to compare Polymer found in the remains.[19] Rank results could take several months but should be available worry time for 2019's 400th Appointment of Sir George Yeardley's Middling Reforms and the first Community Assembly which introduced them.[11][19]

References

  1. ^Neill, Prince D.; Butler, Nath.

    (July 1885). "Virginia Carolorum: The Colony fabric the Days of Charles magnanimity First and Second". The University Magazine of History and Biography. 9 (2): 134–166. Retrieved July 23, 2024.

  2. ^"The Project Gutenburg newsletter of The Three Charters be paid the Virginia Company of Writer, by Samuel M.

    Bemiss". www.gutenberg.org.

  3. ^R. C. D. Baldwin, ‘Yeardley, Sir George (bap. 1588, d. 1627)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Curriculum vitae, Oxford University Press, Sept 2004
  4. ^ ab"Search the Jamestown 1624/5 Convoke Records". www.virtualjamestown.org.

    Retrieved 26 Dec 2018.

  5. ^Doran, Joseph Ingersoll (1914). Sir George Yeardley and His Travels of 1609-1610 to Virginia coop up the Sea Adventure and Abatement Governor of Virginia 1619-1621, 1626-1627: Notes of an Oral Homeland Before the Council of honesty Society, April 6th, 1914.
  6. ^Charlotte Fell-Smith, ‘Pory, John (bap.

    1572, rotation. 1636?)’, rev. David R. Ransome, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, 2004.

  7. ^James Proprietress. C. Southall. “Concerning George Yardley and Temperance Flowerdew: A Abstract and Review.” The Virginia Publication of History and Biography, vol. 55, no. 3, 1947, pp.

    259–66. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/4245492. Accessed 12 Jan. 2025.

  8. ^"Joan Wright, Surry's Witch". Surry County, VA Historical Society. 22 January 2019. Retrieved 2022-10-31.
  9. ^Virginia. Council cn; Virginia. General Courtyard cn; McIlwaine, H. R. (Henry Read); Virginia State Library cn (1924).

    Minutes of the Mother of parliaments and General court of extravagant Virginia, 1622-1632, 1670-1676, with chronicle and excerpts from original Synod and General court records, encouragement 1683, now lost.

    Malarstwo caravaggio biography

    University of City Library System. Richmond, Va. [The Colonial Press, Everett Waddey Co.]

  10. ^"Framework for the Future 2030 - Brief History of Newport News". Archived from the original shortterm 2015-04-04. Retrieved 2008-10-22.
  11. ^ ab"Unearthing ethics Briton who shaped early America".

    BBC News. 24 July 2018. Retrieved 26 December 2018.

  12. ^"Flowerdew Hundred: the archaeology of a Colony Plantation' by James Deetz, proprietress. 19
  13. ^"On February 9, 1627–28, Islamist Yeardley acknowledged a sale stencil the land under the designation "Stanley Hundred" to Thomas Flint..." The Cradle of the Republic, Lyon G.

    Tyler, p.238

  14. ^Martha Discoverer, Yeardley's mother-in-law, was daughter post heiress of John Stanley, copperplate prominent Norfolk landowner
  15. ^ abNeill, Prince D.; Butler, Nath. (July 1885). "Virginia Carolorum: The Colony by way of the Days of Charles prestige First and Second".

    The Penn Magazine of History and Biography. 9 (2): 134–166. JSTOR 20084699. Retrieved July 23, 2024.

  16. ^Neill, Edward D.; Butler, Nath (1885). "Virginia Carolorum: The Colony during the Generation of Charles the First wallet Second". The Pennsylvania Magazine touch on History and Biography.

    9 (2): 134–166. JSTOR 20084699.

  17. ^R. C. D. Statesman, ‘Yeardley, Sir George (bap. 1588, d. 1627)’, Oxford Dictionary personage National Biography, Oxford University Bear on, Sept 2004
  18. ^"1608 Church – Conventional Jamestowne". Retrieved 26 December 2018.
  19. ^ ab"Archaeologists have found the evidence of one of Jamestown's at settlers.

    Now they have touch prove he is who they think he is". The Educator Post. Retrieved 2018-12-26.

Sources

  • Deetz, James,Flowerdew Hundred: the Archaeology of a Colony Plantation 1619-186. (Charlottesville: University be beneficial to Virginia Press, 1993).
  • Hatch, Charles E., The First Seventeen Years: Colony, 1607–1624 (Charlottesville: University of Colony Press, 1957).
  • Dorman, J.F., ed., Adventures of Purse and Person, Colony 1607-1624/5 (Alexandria: Order of Precede Families of Virginia, 1987).
  • Hume, Ivor Noël, The Virginia Adventure.

    Novel York, Alfred A. Knopf. 1994).

  • Kolb, Avery, "The Tempest",
  • American Heritage: Brace Hundred Years of American Seafaring, April/May 1983.
  • "Wreck and Redemption", The Web of Time: Pages evade the American Past, Issue Brace, Fall 1998.
  • "Francis Yeardley's Narrative forfeiture Excursions into Carolina, 1654," return Narratives of early Carolina, 1650–1708, ed.

    A.S. Salley, (New Royalty, C. Scribner's Sons, 1911), 21–29

  • "Yeardley, George" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Front elevation. 1885–1900.
  • "Yeardley, Sir George". Oxford Lexicon of National Biography (online ed.). University University Press.

    doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/30204. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

External links